Tretinoin, a retinoid, accelerates skin cell turnover. This increased cell turnover helps to exfoliate the thickened, scaly skin characteristic of keratosis. Specifically, tretinoin binds to retinoic acid receptors, influencing gene expression and promoting the production of collagen and other extracellular matrix components. This process helps to reduce the build-up of keratinocytes, resolving the rough texture and improving skin appearance.
Clinical Evidence and Treatment Considerations
Numerous studies demonstrate tretinoin’s efficacy in treating actinic keratosis (AK). A meta-analysis showed a significant reduction in AK lesions with tretinoin cream compared to placebo. Response rates vary, influenced by factors like AK severity and patient adherence. Consistent application is key. Typical treatment regimens involve daily application for several months. However, irritation is possible, often manifesting as redness, dryness, or scaling. Patients should begin with a less frequent application schedule and gradually increase frequency as tolerated. Regular monitoring by a dermatologist is crucial to assess treatment progress and manage potential side effects.
Specific Recommendations for Keratosis Treatment
Apply a thin layer of tretinoin 1% cream to the affected area once daily, ideally at night. Begin with every other night application to minimize irritation and gradually increase frequency as tolerated. Always use sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher during the day, as tretinoin increases sun sensitivity. Avoid harsh soaps and scrubbing. Consistent application is paramount for optimal results. Expect improvements gradually over weeks or months. If irritation is severe, consult your dermatologist for adjustments to the treatment plan.
