Quinolones, a class of antibiotics including Levaquin (levofloxacin), can cause muscle problems in some individuals. This side effect, termed quinolone-associated myopathy, manifests in various ways, from mild weakness to severe rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown).
The exact mechanism isn’t fully understood, but research suggests several possibilities. One theory points to interference with mitochondrial function, impacting energy production within muscle cells. Another involves disruption of calcium homeostasis, crucial for muscle contraction and relaxation. Genetic predisposition also plays a role; some individuals are genetically more susceptible to quinolone-induced myopathy.
Symptoms range from muscle aches and weakness to more serious complications like myalgia, cramps, and elevated creatine kinase levels (a marker of muscle damage). Risk factors include age (older adults are more vulnerable), pre-existing muscle conditions, and concurrent use of other medications that can affect muscles.
Doctors carefully consider the potential benefits and risks when prescribing quinolones, especially in patients with pre-existing muscle issues or a history of myopathy. Alternative antibiotics are often explored if the patient’s condition allows. If muscle problems develop during quinolone treatment, immediate medical attention is necessary. Prompt discontinuation of the antibiotic is usually recommended, and supportive care may be provided to manage symptoms.
Regular monitoring for muscle-related symptoms is important during quinolone therapy. Patients should report any muscle pain, weakness, or unusual fatigue to their physician immediately. This allows for prompt intervention, minimizing potential long-term consequences.
